A simple measure that can be employed by the primary care physician early on for parental concern over toeing-in is to have the child learn to sit in the tailor, modified lotus, or Indian-style sitting position. The use of Denis Browne splints is contraindicated, and corrective shoes are of no value.

Most femoral torsion deformities correct themselves by 7 years of age. If they do not follow the typical pattern of improvement with growth, then an orthopedist should be consulted because the persistence of these deformities may lead to degenerative arthritis of the hip joint. Referral for evaluation should also be made if a child has extreme rotation, especially when associated with difficulty walking or running, or when significant asymmetry of the anteversion exists. Orthopedic treatment consists of the use of a bivalve lower-trunk and leg cast during sleeping hours or, in rare cases, a derotation osteotomy of the middle or lower femoral shaft.