Aaron L. Zuckerberg, MD; Lynne G. Maxwell, MD
Table 62-4: Drugs That Prolong the QT Interval or Induce Torsades de Pointes
| Generic Name |
Brand Name |
Category*
|
|
Albuterol
|
Ventolin, Proventil |
3 |
| Amantadine |
Symmetrel |
2 |
| Amiodarone |
Pacerone, Cordarone |
1 |
|
Amphetamine/dextroamphetamine
|
Adderall
|
3 |
|
Atomoxetine
|
Strattera
|
3 |
| Azithromycin |
Zithromax |
2 |
| Chloral hydrate |
Noctec |
2 |
| Chloroquine |
Arelan |
1 |
| Chlorpromazine |
Thorazine |
1 |
| Clarithromycin |
Biaxin |
1 |
| Clozapine |
Clozaril |
2 |
| Dextroamphetamine |
Dexadrine |
3 |
| Disopyramide |
Norpace |
1 |
|
Dobutamine
|
Dobutrex
|
3 |
|
Dolasetron
|
Anzemet
|
2 |
|
Dopamine
|
Intropin
|
3 |
| Droperidol |
Inapsine |
1 |
| Ephedrine |
Rumatuss |
3 |
| Epinephrine |
Primatene, Bronkaid |
3 |
|
Erythromycin
|
Erythrocin
, EES
|
1 |
|
Felbamate
|
Felbatrol
|
2 |
| Flecainide |
Tambocor |
2 |
| Foscarnet |
Foscavir |
2 |
|
Fosphenytoin
|
Cerebyx
|
2 |
| Gemifloxacin |
Factive |
2 |
|
Granisetron
|
Kytril
|
2 |
| Halofantrine |
Halfan |
1 |
| Haloperidol |
Haldol |
1 |
| Isoproterenol |
Isupres, Medihaler-Iso |
3 |
| Isradipine |
Dynacirc |
2 |
|
Levalbuterol
|
Xopenex
|
3 |
| Levofloxacin |
Levaquin |
2 |
| Lithium |
Lithobid, Eskalith |
2 |
| Metaproterenol |
Alupent, Metaprel |
3 |
| Methadone |
Dolophine, Methadose |
1 |
|
Methylphenidate
|
Ritalin
, Concerta
|
3 |
| Milodrine |
ProAmantine |
3 |
| Moxifloxacin |
Avelox |
2 |
| Nicardipine |
Cardene |
2 |
| Norepinephrine |
Levophed |
3 |
| Octreotide |
Sandostatin |
2 |
| Ofloxacin |
Floxin |
2 |
|
Ondansetron
|
Zofran
|
2 |
| Pentamidine |
Pentam, NebuPent |
1 |
| Phenylephrine |
Neosynephrine |
3 |
| Pimozide |
Orap |
1 |
| Procainamide |
Pronestyl |
1 |
| Pseudoephedrine |
PediaCare, Sudafed |
3 |
| Quetiapine |
Seroquel |
2 |
| Quinidine |
Quinaglute, Cardioquin |
1 |
|
Risperidone
|
Risperdal
|
2 |
| Salmeterol |
Serevent |
3 |
| Sotalol |
Betapace |
1 |
| Tacrolimus |
Prograf |
2 |
| Telithromycin |
Ketek |
2 |
| Terbutaline |
Brethine |
3 |
| Thioridazine |
Mellaril |
1 |
| Tizanidine |
Zanaflex |
2 |
| Venlafaxine |
Effexor |
2 |
| Ziprasidone |
Geodon |
2 |
Drugs in
bold type are commonly used in perioperative period.
Drugs in
italics type are commonly used in children.
*Category 1: Drugs that are generally accepted by authorities to have a risk of prolonging the QT interval and causing Torsades de pointes.
Category 2: Drugs that
may prolong the QT interval but at this time lack substantial evidence for causing Torsades de pointes.
Category 3: Drugs to be avoided for use in patients with diagnosed or suspected congenital long QT syndrome (in addition to drugs in categories 1 and 2).
A continuously updated and complete list of drugs that prolong QT, as well a list of drugs which do not prolong QT and are therefore safe in patients with long QT, may be found at
www.torsades.org/medical-pros/drug-lists/drug-lists.htm#. (Accessed July 21, 2006.)
Chapter 62: Preoperative Assessment is a sample topic found in AAP Textbook of Pediatric Care
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